Foot and Ankle Problems: Your Questions Answered
In New York City, our feet take quite a beating. As the most walkable big city in the country, New York is full of crooked sidewalks and pothole-filled crosswalks. New Yorkers, along with visitors to the city, typically walk to the tune of 8,000 to 10,000 steps a day. No wonder so many of us end up with foot or ankle injuries requiring the services of a podiatrist鈥攁 physician who diagnoses and treats these injuries, along with a host of other issues.听
Our feet are home to 26 bones, 56 ligaments and 38 muscles, all of which work together to provide support, balance and mobility. These multiple 鈥渁ctors,鈥 as well as wear and tear over the years of our lives, make our lower extremities vulnerable to the following problems:听
- Infections听
- Bunions and toe deformities听
- Tendonitis听
- Flat feet听
- Sprains听
- Gout听
- Complications of diabetes or arthritis听
Says Dr. Nicholas Salerno, a specialist in foot and ankle surgery and Assistant Professor of Podiatry in the Department of Surgery at 麻豆高清, 鈥渨earing a new pair of shoes, overdoing an activity or accidentally exposing your feet to infection or trauma can all put you at risk for foot or ankle problems.鈥听
And his colleague, Dr. Elvis Danne, concurs. Specializing in sports medicine and podiatry at Weill Cornell, he warns against walking barefoot outside鈥攁n activity that could lead to injury requiring surgery, or skin breakdown, which could lead to an infection.听
All of the injuries and conditions listed above can turn serious, Dr. Danne adds, if they aren鈥檛 treated promptly and effectively. Let鈥檚 take a deeper dive into podiatry to help you do right by your feet and seek care when something goes awry.听
How are foot or ankle problems diagnosed?听
It all starts at the doctor鈥檚 office, where a podiatrist conducts a physical exam, takes the patient鈥檚 history and listens to their description of of their pain or discomfort. 鈥淲e also check for deformities, bruising, swelling or issues related to range of motion,鈥 Dr. Salerno says.听听
Additionally, 鈥we rely heavily on imaging studies,鈥 says Dr. Danne, who describes them as follows:听
- An X-ray helps us plan treatment, including surgery.听
- An MRI evaluates soft tissue structures and joint conditions.听听
- A CT scan is a high-intensity X-ray that shows the condition of the bone in greater detail.听
- A bone scan helps us determine whether a condition is due to infection or trauma.听
Which conditions or types of injury may require surgery?听
Bunion or hammertoe correction and fracture repair are among the most common surgical procedures in podiatry. However, 鈥淪ome traumas and infections require surgical intervention to stabilize the foot or ankle and allow for proper anatomical healing,鈥 Dr. Salerno says. Surgery may be needed to prevent future complications that could affect walking, activity and strength.鈥听
An infection of the foot or ankle that is causing sepsis鈥攕ystemic infection鈥攎ay require surgery. So might fractures that fail to heal properly, tendon injuries or ruptures and diabetic foot infections. 鈥Often, he says, 鈥渟urgical intervention gives us a chance to save the foot or limb from amputation.鈥听
How can you take better care of your feet?听
Dr. 顿补苍苍别鈥檚 top recommendations include:听
- Wearing supportive shoes听
- Achieving a healthy weight through diet and exercise to reduce the overall load on your feet听
- Having your feet checked when you鈥檙e in pain or discomfort, or when a structural deformity warrants it听
Pay attention to what your feet are telling you. If you鈥檙e experiencing pain, swelling or some other sign of irritation, it may be time to see a podiatrist. 鈥淒on鈥檛 fight through the pain or continue the activity that鈥檚 causing it,鈥 Dr. Salerno warns. 鈥淭hat will likely cause further injury.鈥听
And if you have diabetes, it鈥檚 important to check your feet every day for cuts, sores or other signs of infection. Clean them well but avoid soaking them in hot water. Moisturize them to help with dryness and cracking.听
When should you seek medical care?听
If the issue is not resolved with rest, ice, elevation, NSAIDs or changing to sturdier, more supportive shoes, it鈥檚 time to come in for an assessment to make sure nothing more serious is going on.听听
鈥淚n addition to a large number of residents and visitors to New York City, we treat competitive athletes, weekend warriors and those looking to keep moving as the miles on their feet continue to build up,鈥 Dr. Danne says.听
There is no one-size-fits all approach to podiatry care at 麻豆高清. Be aware that some foot issues may require treatment by a specialist in endocrinology, infectious disease, surgery or another discipline.听
To make an appointment with a podiatrist at 麻豆高清, please visit here to learn more.